A Study of the Existentialist Thoughts of Jean-Paul Sartre with Emphasis on the Critique of Dialectical Reason

In the works of Jean-Paul Sartre, anthropology takes precedence over any other subject. Sartre's approach to some elements of existentialism, such as freedom and alienation in Existence and Non-Existence, differs from that in Critique of Dialectical Reason. The method of work in this article is descriptive-analytical and the most important findings are related to the change of Sartre's attitude in his philosophical works from individual and abstract freedom to confined and limited freedom in social structures. In this book, Sartre tries to find a way for people to transcend this situation by the fact that human beings have been deprived of their power of freedom and alienated from their structures and necessities. He demonstrates this with the human dialectic and social and historical structures. In his previous research, Sartre, by emphasizing the role of the conscious and free agent in changing social and historical structures, creates a bridge between existentialism and Marxism, which helps to understand the book "Critique of Dialectical Reason ". One of the important points of the book "Dialectical Reason Critique" is Sartre's attention to the concept of alienation. Also, Sartre gives a new meaning to history due to his transcendental role in making his world, which is criticized by his contemporary structuralists.